The Science of Suggestibility - How Hypnosis Affects the Brain

Hypnosis may seems like a mysterious process, but at its core, it’s a state of highly focused attention and increased suggestibility. Clinical Hypnotherapy harnesses this natural state, and utilises it alongside Strategic Psychotherapy to help people make positive changes, from overcoming phobias to managing chronic pain. But what exactly happens in the brain during hypnosis, and why are some people more responsive to hypnotic suggestions than others? Let's dive into the science of suggestibility and explore how hypnosis affects the brain.

But just before we do, it’s worth noting that research on hypnosis is not just a recent trend. The Stanford University School of Medicine has conducted a Laboratory of Hypnosis Research since the 1950’s, now led by Dr David Spiegel, and many esteemed scientists and researchers have explored the subject, producing robust, peer reviewed evidence of the efficacy of hypnosis as a clinical tool.

Understanding Suggestibility

Suggestibility is the degree to which a person is open to accepting and acting on suggestions. It’s a crucial part of hypnotherapy, as it allows individuals to engage deeply with the process and make meaningful changes. While all of us experience varying levels of suggestibility daily, hypnosis intentionally enhances this state to create therapeutic benefits.

During hypnosis, suggestibility increases because the brain enters a state of deep focus and reduced critical judgement. This isn’t about control or manipulation but rather about creating a receptive mental environment where positive suggestions can take root more easily. This enhanced state allows for significant therapeutic benefits, as the mind becomes more open to exploring and addressing underlying issues.

The Brain on Hypnosis

Modern neuroscience has given us a window into what’s happening in the brain during hypnosis. Studies using brain imaging techniques, like MRI and EEG, reveal that hypnosis alters activity in several key brain regions involved in focus, self-awareness, and perception.

One of the most important areas affected during hypnosis is the anterior cingulate cortex. This part of the brain helps regulate attention and processes conflicting thoughts or information. Under hypnosis, this region becomes more active, allowing individuals to focus intensely on specific suggestions or ideas presented by the hypnotherapist. This intense focus is what enables people to, for instance, perceive pain differently or to feel more calm and relaxed.

Another key area is the default mode network (DMN), a set of brain regions (dorsal medial prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, precuneus and angular gyrus) that work together when the mind is at rest or in a self-reflective state. In hypnosis, the DMN is less active, meaning the mind becomes less engaged in self-criticism or excessive internal dialogue. This reduction in self-focus allows individuals to set aside doubts, fears, or ingrained mental barriers, making them more open to suggestions that align with their goals.

Additionally, the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, responsible for planning and decision-making, interacts more closely with the regions involved in emotional processing, like the amygdala, during hypnosis. This stronger link means that under hypnosis, emotional responses can be guided by logical or positive suggestions, making it possible to reshape unhelpful emotional reactions or automatic responses.

Why Are Some People More Hypnotisable Than Others?

Suggestibility varies from person to person, and research shows that certain personality traits, such as openness to experience, are associated with higher hypnotisability. People who are naturally imaginative, emotionally aware, and open-minded are often more responsive to hypnosis. However, even if someone isn’t highly suggestible, most people still benefit from hypnotherapy through regular practice, as it enhances focus and increases receptivity over time.

Hypnosis as a Tool for Change

Hypnosis isn’t magic; it’s a structured therapeutic process backed by science. Through understanding how hypnosis affects the brain, clinical hypnotherapists can help clients leverage suggestibility to achieve their therapeutic goals. Whether it’s managing stress, breaking unwanted habits, or finding relief from pain, hypnosis taps into the brain’s ability to rewire itself by working directly with subconscious beliefs and responses.

In summary, the science of suggestibility shows us that hypnosis is a powerful tool for positive change. By shifting the brain into a focused and receptive state, hypnosis makes it possible to reach goals that may seem out of reach in ordinary waking life. Far from being about mind control, clinical hypnotherapy empowers individuals to harness the full potential of their own minds, with scientifically backed techniques that make lasting transformation possible.